Life in the UK Test — Exam 9 of 24

Freedom of association means people may join groups and organisations of their choice, such as a trade union, a club or a political party.

Aberdeen grew into a centre for the North Sea oil and gas industry from the 1970s onwards.

Charles Edward Stuart's ('Bonnie Prince Charlie') army was destroyed at Culloden in April 1746, the last pitched battle fought on British soil, ending the Jacobite threat. His rising drew much of its support from the Highland clans.

England and France are two of the Six Nations, along with Scotland, Wales, Ireland and Italy. Spain is not one of the competing countries, and Australia — England's opponents in the Ashes cricket series — is not part of the championship either.

Because MPs cannot formally resign, an MP who wants to leave applies for a nominal Crown office — Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds or of the Manor of Northstead — which makes them ineligible to sit, and a by-election follows.

The Thames rises in Gloucestershire and flows through Oxford and then London before reaching the North Sea.

A flotilla of naval ships and hundreds of civilian volunteers in small boats rescued over 300,000 men, giving rise to the phrase 'the Dunkirk spirit'.

The Lake District in Cumbria is the largest of England's National Parks, and Snowdonia (Eryri) is a National Park in north-west Wales. The Pennines are a chain of hills nicknamed the 'backbone of England', and the Jurassic Coast is a World Heritage Site famous for its fossils — neither is a National Park. There are 15 National Parks across the UK - areas of protected countryside - including Loch Lomond and The Trossachs in Scotland.

The licence fee funds the BBC, paying for its TV, radio and online services so they can be broadcast without advertising.

The armistice took effect at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, 11 am on 11 November 1918, with victory for Britain and its allies.

Rutherford's research into the structure of the atom laid the foundations of nuclear physics, and the team he led was the first to split the atom.

Black Rod is the official sent to summon members of the House of Commons to the Lords chamber to hear the monarch's speech at the State Opening; the Commons door is traditionally shut in Black Rod's face first, symbolising the Commons' independence.

Henry VIII's break with Rome led to the Reformation in England and the dissolution of the monasteries.

HMS Victory was Admiral Lord Nelson's flagship at Trafalgar in 1805, where Nelson was killed.

The Cabinet of senior ministers, chaired by the Prime Minister, normally meets once a week to discuss the government's main business.

Charles I ruled without Parliament for eleven years (1629–1640), raising money by other means — a major cause of the tensions that led to the Civil War. Charles believed in the divine right of kings - that his authority came from God - which fuelled his clashes with Parliament.

Roger Bannister ran the first sub-four-minute mile at the Iffley Road track in Oxford on 6 May 1954, finishing in 3 minutes 59.4 seconds.

The UK Supreme Court is the final court of appeal in the UK for civil cases, and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Mary was a Catholic claimant to Elizabeth's throne. Raised in France and a focus for Catholic hopes in England, she became the centre of plots against the Protestant Elizabeth — plots in which she was eventually implicated, leading to her execution in 1587. Elizabeth, a Protestant, tried to hold a middle course between Catholic and Protestant opinion.

Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire in 1564.

The sovereign's official birthday is marked in June by Trooping the Colour, a large military parade in London attended by the monarch.

Emperor Hadrian ordered the wall across northern England to defend the Roman province from northern tribes.

The Local Government and Social Care Ombudsman independently investigates complaints about councils and care providers in England once the organisation's own complaints procedure has been completed.

In criminal cases the prosecution must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt — a much higher standard than the one used in civil cases.